Europe is the world’s second-smallest continent but has the second-largest population. The landscape ranges from the frozen tundra and forests of the north to the hot, dry hills of the Mediterranean region. Vast fertile grasslands stretch between the mountains of the Alps in the west and the Ural Mountains in the east, which separate Europe from Asia. Europe is a crowded continent, with over 40 different countries, and international conflicts in the past century have often erupted into war. Today, the majority of people live in cities and many enjoy a high standard of living, thanks to their countries’ abundant natural resources, successful agriculture, and modern industries.
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